Hydraulic Fracturing Course

Mike Smith and Carl Montgomery

Upcoming course

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This course is structured in “15” one-to-two-hour Chapters. Sections 3 through 7 utilize a case history to demonstrate hydraulic fracturing physics and techniques, they need to be taken in sequence to gain full benefit of the material. The course utilizes Excel spreadsheets to demonstrate the use and application of the various elements of the course using a simple 2-D fracture design.
Audience: For engineers currently in “field” or “operations” assignment
(or scheduled for field or operations assignment within two months of course date)
Course description: The course emphasizes the multi-disciplinary nature of hydraulic fracturing, covering the “Reservoir Engineering” aspects, integrated with the “Fracture Mechanics” aspects, and coupled with “Operational” considerations. This integration presents how to recognize opportunities for fracturing from shale and hard rock tight gas to offshore “frac-pack” completions, how to estimate required data for planning and preparing preliminary job designs, how to design, perform, and analyze pre-frac tests, and finally how to arrive at an “optimum” final design.Read more...

Learning objectives:
• Gain general knowledge in basic theory and application of hydraulic fracturing.
• How to recognize wells/formations as good fracture candidates.
• Develop step-by-step procedure for estimating variables and developing preliminary treatment design goals and pump schedule designs.
• How to use fracturing pressure analysis to “check” preliminary estimates and to develop a final design pump schedule.
• How to evaluate/select appropriate materials (fluid/proppant) for fracturing applications.
• How to combining all aspects of “fracturing” for fracture optimization.
• How to perform the critical field QC for good fracturing results.
Course content:
• Reservoir Engineering: Fundamental “Reservoir Engineering “aspects if hydraulic fracture design, predicting well performance improvement, etc.
• Rock mechanics: How in situ stresses are generated as a function of depth, reservoir pressure, and geologic structure. How is in situ stress measured?
• Fracture Mechanics: What are the major variables that control fracture geometry, and proppant placement? How do we recognize the critical parameters for a specific application?
• Fracture Pressure Analysis: How to design and then analyze pre-frac tests to measure critical design parameters, be that fluid loss, height growth, or other components
• Pump schedule: What are the different “types” of fracture pump schedules, and how & when fracturing pressure data defines the final design pump schedule?
• Materials: What are the important properties for fracturing materials (fluid/proppant) and how should these properties be weighted and evaluated for specific applications?

Upcoming course

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Course contents

    Chapter 2 - Equipment and Operations

    02-01 - First Experimental and First Commercial Frac Treatments

    02-02 - Treating Iron

    Chapter 3 - Stresses and Conductivity

    03-01 - The Many Stresses/Pressures Experienced in Fracturing

    03-02 - Stress Magnitude

    03-03 - Effect of Geologic Structures

    03-04 - Stress Logs and Borehole Breakouts

    03-05 - Stress Azimuth Effects

    03-06 - Stress Measurement

    Chapter 4 - Reservoir Response, Post Frac Production, and the Effect of Transient Flow

    04-01 - Variables Affecting Post -Frac Productivity

    04-02 - Folds of Increase for Acid Fracturing

    Chapter 5 - Fracture Geometry Basic and the Major Fracture Design Variables

    05-01 - Frac School No. 1

    05-02 - Fracture Design Variables

    Chapter 6 - Fracture Design Variables (HECKµQ)

    06-01 - Fracture Fluid Selection

    06-02 - Fracture Theory: Material Balance

    06-03 - Net Pressure

    06-04 - Fracture Toughness

    06-05 - Height Growth

    06-06 - Fracture Simulation: Input Variables Example

    06-07 - Frac Design Using Spreadsheet

    Chapter 7 - Treatment Design Options

    07-01 - Fracture Design Variables

    07-02 - Fracture Geometry

    07-03 - Modulus

    07-04 - Estimating Youngs Modulus

    07-05 - Fluid Loss Mechanisms

    07-06 - Fluid Loss Estimate Ct and Spurt loss

    07-07 - Fracture Toughness

    07-08 - Fluid Viscosity

    07-09 - Apparent Viscosity

    07-10 - Pump Rate

    07-11 - Preliminary Design

    Chapter 8 - Fracture Closure Stress & Pressure Decline Analysis

    08-01 - In-Situ Stress Testing Methods

    08-02 - Micro-Frac Stress Tests

    08-03 - Flowback Tests

    08-04 - Frac School No. 1 Examples

    Chapter 9 - Minifrac Pressure Decline Analysis

    09-01 - Bottomhole Treating Pressure

    09-02 - Nolte-Smith Diagnostic Log-Log Net Pressure Plot

    09-03 - Nolte-Smith Field Examples

    09-04 - Interpreting Shut-In Pressure Decline

    09-05 - Exercise Using Fracschool 1 and Spreadsheet

    09-06 - Minifrac Pressure Decline Analysis

    Chapter 10 - Proppant Selection

    10-01 - Importance of Conductivity

    10-02 - Proppant Types

    10-03 - Proppant Usage and API Standards

    10-04 - Natural Frac Sands

    Chapter 11 - Fluid Chemistry and Selection

    11-01 - Frac Fluid Chemistry

    11-02 - Guar & Guar Based Derivatives

    11-03 - Other Gellant Chemical Structures

    11-04 - Breakers

    11-05 - Clay Control Agents

    Chapter 12 - Fracturing Techniques, Tools & Diagnostics

    12-01 - Proppant Distribution & Placement

    12-02 - TSO Designs

    12-03 - Temperature Logs

    12-04 - RA Logs

    12-05 - Seismic Monitoring & Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing

    12-06 - Chemical Tracers

    Chapter 13 - Perforating and Perforation Strategies

    13-01 - Normal Perforating Gun Questions

    13-02 - Multiple Intervals (Limited Entry)

    Chapter 14 - Big Problem No. 1

    14-01 - Big Problem - Part 1

    14-02 - Big Problem - Part 2

    14-03 - Quality Control & Safety

    14-04 - Environmental Stewardship

    14-05 - Post-Frac

    14-06 - Fracturing Safety Quiz